Experience the Olympics!

The Olympics are a time of nations coming together and competing in different athletic events for the top three spots on the podium: gold, silver, and bronze. Although a serious competition among the world’s countries, newscasters, the athletes themselves, families of the athletes, and world leaders,talk about how this is not a battle or grudge match, but rather a chance to have friendly competition, strengthen ties, and bring people together to educate them on the different nationalities and their customs.

            This biannual opportunity is going on right now and waiting for you to experience its joys and educational merits. The coverage of the 2012 Olympic Summer Games in London, England is a chance to learn about the host country’s background through the opening ceremony.  For the people who are actually there, it is a chance to visit another nation and interact with the people from around the world. Sitting at home you are still able to listen to the newscasters talk about the personal stories of the athletes and the sport itself, such as how long the sport has existed or how long the athlete has been preparing.

            If you do not have access to a computer or television to watch these activities at home then you can always try going to different restaurants or community centers that may have televisions so that you can be a part of the exciting competition. Go USA!

By Katie Lamb

Truancy Success in Queensland

In 2009, the Australian town of Beenleigh began to work against a known truancy problem within their schools. At the time, an average of fifty students a week spent their days “wagging,” the Australian term for skipping school.  A partnership was created between local schools, businesses, and the police department called the Beenleigh Together Against Truancy program.

 The new truancy program involved the schools’ administrators, a coalition of local businesses promised to help work against the problem, and a full-time truancy officer. Businesses that joined agreed to refuse service and report truant students to the police department. The new truancy officer traveled to areas identified as “wagging hotspots” or visited businesses that reported students. Students he found were returned to school. (Australia does not impose fines for truancy, but will withhold some forms of public welfare if a child is found truant multiple times.)

                Beenleigh is a small town located in the Australian state of Queensland; its total population is roughly 7,500 people. The town’s small size worked to its advantage. For one, the limited population allowed the appointed truancy officer to personally return students to school in a very direct method of combating truancy.  Our population here in York would have made this tactic unfeasible: York city itself has a population of nearly 44,000. The greatest benefit was that local businesses were easily united against truancy. By September of the 2009 school year, 140 businesses had signed on. The first year of the program saw an 80% reduction in truancy.

                Beenleigh’s story is a great example of how a community can come together to work against truancy. Although some aspects of the program may not work in other communities, a few of the concepts could apply elsewhere or here in York. For instance, businesses close to schools with high-truancy rates could be brought together for the purposes of identifying and reporting truant students. All community issues are best tackled by the community at large and Beenleigh applied this concept to great success.

By Derek Shaw

 If you’d like to read more about Beenleigh’s truancy program check out their website:

http://www.beenpcyc.org.au/Templates/truancy.html

Spring Grove class of 2020 starts out on the right foot!

The Spring Grove Area School District, in partnership with Glatfelter Co. and the Truancy Prevention Initiative, sponsored a team day for the 4^th grade students.  Currently these students attend three elementary schools within the district and will merge into a single 5^th grade class at Spring Grove Intermediate School for the 2012-13 school year.  This event offered a tour of the Intermediate School and several team building activities.  Students were assigned to mixed groups from the various elementary buildings.  Due to the growing drop out concern across the nation, districts and community business partnerships are collaborating to support students as they transition to the upper elementary and middle level grades.  Truancy issues often stem from a lack of connection to the school community, low self-esteem and difficulty making new friends.  The team day activities generated discussions within the groups related to working with others, diversity and acceptance.  The Spring Grove Class of 2020 is off to a great start!!!

Parents: Looking for summer activities?

It's summertime (obviously) and you know what that means- PLENTY of free time. This is usually highly desired, but if you have kids, free time can mean planning things to occupy their time. Older children can get a job, even if that is babysitting or lawn work, but younger children need activities that expend some of their energy or keep them engaged.
If it's hot out then try to do some water activities whether that may be going to Lake Redman to boat or canoe or trying a local swimming pool or even just setting up a sprinkler and making a fun game out of that. Just remember to get sunscreen on them-and yourself-and reapply every few hours!
If it's a dreary day with rain and high winds then stay inside and make a fort in the living room or spend a day alternating movies or tv shows with books and crafts. You can try baking something or having the kids help make a special dinner that night. Try to find little lessons in every activity or have them help out with tasks increasing in difficulty as they continue to accomplish more.
There are many websites dedicated to finding fun and creative activities for kids to do during any month of the year, but especially summer. Other parents can post on some of these websites and blogs. If you want to look over some of them to get ideas or post fun things that you have done in the past, check out www.pinterest.com; http://greatschools.org/students/summer-activities/68-summer-learning-activities-that-are-practically-free.gs; http://school.familyeducation.com/summer/family-learning/36089.html
You can also try googling a phrase like "fun and inexpensive learning activities for kids during the summer!" Remember to have a fun and safe summer and to keep your kids involved with interactive activities!
By Katie Lamb

Career Mapping........ for First Graders?

Did you know that half of all states require students to create an ‘Individual Learning Plan’ as early as middle school? ‘Individual Learning Plans’, also known as ‘Student Learning Plans’, are computer based programs that allow to students to create a portfolio of their work and grades, as well as guide them in selecting classes based on possible career paths. These programs are 100% controlled by the student and also allow students to research careers and organize their college search.

School officials are finding the purpose of these plans has become two-fold. Having a ‘plan’ for mapping and completing courses has helped ‘at-risk’ students to visually see the ‘road-to-graduation’ as a path set before them. Having made this plan and marked milestones along the way, students begin to develop a sense of personal accountability in terms of their school career. It can help these students decide a career path, even if college is not the goal for them. For college preparatory students, having a ‘student learning plan’ helps them to create a virtually limitless portfolio of grades, test scores, art work and any other information they wish to add. It also helps these students select the appropriate courses they may need based on possible career paths in which they have indicated an interest in. Often times, students will be prompted to enroll in ‘advanced placement’ classes based on a possible career choice. While student-led learning plans were often thought of as a ‘reform strategy’ in the past, state policy makers are beginning to tout the concept as way to drive career and college readiness.

Student-led plans are just beginning to gain some real momentum, though some significant strides have been made in terms of making program software available to all students and in some cases, mandatory.  Typically, students begin working on their ‘plans’ as early as middle school by taking career surveys which give students a broad idea of the kind of career path that might interest them. However, U.S. Sen. Chris Coons, D-Del., recently introduced a bill to pilot a project in which students beginning in 1st grade could start portable online college-planning and -savings accounts.

Still there are many issues that need to be addressed such as funding for software, licensing, technical support and training.  Policy-makers hope that by making these student-led plans mandatory, funding will be made available to better train educators on how to help students properly develop their plans use the software effectively. “Kids are saying the plans helped them to know the process and it challenged them,” says Shelly Landry the leader counselor in the office of secondary transformation in Minneapolis school district’s guidance and counseling department. ““It opens their eyes to careers they hadn’t considered and just the idea of going to college.”

Video Game Implications in the Classroom: A Changing Paradigm

In their 2007 article “Violent Video Games as Exemplary Teachers: A Conceptual Analysis”, Douglas and Ronald Gentile discuss the implications of video games on learned behavior. Much like the popular belief, they discovered that “playing more frequently during a given week over multiple years was correlated with greater hostile attribution and arguments.” While the aggressive association with video games has not changed, their learned behavior associations were recently turned upside-down by researchers Ulrika Bennerstedt, Jonas Ivarsson and Jonas Linderoth.

In their study of video-game behavior, the researchers found that video games assist in the development of collaborative skills. Much like the school playground, gamers that are overly aggressive or inconsiderate do not do as well; comparatively, the best gamers are strategic and technically knowledgeable. Furthermore, the success of video-games also offers several lessons within the classroom. In their original research, Douglas and Ronald Gentile compiled the following list of lessons for the classroom:

               1. Teach fewer concepts, but require that students master and then overlearn them;

               2.Connect those concepts (via a spiral curriculum) to past and future learnings via continual review and practice, as well as reminders of the connections;

               3. Reinforce (extrinsically with grades and intrinsically with perceived self-efficacy) increasing levels of competence or automaticity, depth of understanding, and analytic or creative  applications of these concepts;

               4. Invent more ways for students to experiment with identities relevant to their studies; and

               5. Use technology where appropriate to provide practice toward automaticity in a game-like atmosphere.

In the following video, researcher James Paul Gee discusses the learned behavior and positive outcomes of video games. His discussion on the theory of learning through video games offers a great compliment to the recent research arguing the positive outcomes.

Youth Court Alliance

Did you know that less than 5% of the world’s population lives in America, yet we account for 25% of ALL incarcerated persons worldwide? Every year our juvenile justice system is virtually flooded with an influx of new inmates,  at a rate of 51,000 per year in Pennsylvania alone.  With this number on the rise each year, officials from both the justice and education systems have come up with a new idea that just may help…Youth Court.

What are Youth Courts? Youth Courts are an alternative disciplinary system that are operated by trained youth, either in a school setting, in the community or as part of the juvenile justice system.  Here in York County, ‘Youth Court Alliance’ (YCA) was developed for students who are being fined for excessive truancy. If students admit to the accusation of truancy, they may elect to participate in Youth Court Alliance, rather than sit before a District Judge in traditional Magisterial District Court. The current York City Youth Court Alliance itself is comprised of upperclassmen from William Penn High School who have volunteered to serve as members of the court in roles such as judge, bailiff, jury foreman and jurors. Students receive legal training and hold hearings to determine the appropriate consequence for truancy.

So does it work? Yes! Not only does it work, it also provides an enriching experience for all involved. Youth Court Alliance allows students to build on their public-speaking and problem-solving skills. It also provides them with a voice to express their own ideas about justice as well as serve as a platform for developing leadership skills. It’s also cost effective. Florida reports an annual savings of $50 million per year by utilizing youth courts instead of traditional truancy hearings with District Judges present. 

The York County Youth Court Alliance is wrapping up its first year so statistics on cost-savings is not yet available.  But, of the 35 cases the students have heard in just three months, 30 of them have been successful or are on their way to being successful.  The Youth Court Alliance, right now, is only for truant ninth graders.  Yet our Members indicate that they think it should be expanded to other grades.  The current program is funded by the PA Commission on Crime and Delinquency and funding does exist for us to expand to additional grades over the next year or two.  York County Youth Court Alliance anticipates expanding to two additional school districts, Hanover and Southeastern.  This expansion is funded by the York County Human Services Division.  We will keep you updated on progress!!

Organized RECESS?

Ask a group of elementary students what their favorite part of the school day is and chances are you’ll likely hear ‘RECESS!’ from a majority of them. Educators agree: recess is an extremely important part of a student’s day. It gives students a chance to cut-loose, run, play creatively and just plain get some energy out. Recess is the time of day when students engage in the majority of their social interactions and, consequently, when the greatest amount of social conflict occurs as well. 

Playworks, a non-profit organization based out of Oakland, California, was developed to help bring structure to recess and therefore reduce the amount of conflict on the playground. Playworks provides what they call a ‘recess coach.’ The ‘recess coach’ helps students to start playground games and encourages everyone to get involved by coming up with creative ways to pick teams, such as by birth month rather than by popularity. If conflicts arise, the ‘recess coach’ also comes up with creative but simple ways to settle disputes as well. A favorite among elementary students is the ever-popular ‘Rock, Paper, Scissors.’ Forty percent of teachers whose schools participate in the Playworks program report that students will often use ‘Rock, Paper, Scissors’ to handle disputes when they come up in the classroom as well.

 A study that was published this week by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation also found that having more structured recess also greatly reduces the amount of time it takes students to transition from recess back into classroom time. Teachers report that students are calmer and more ready to get back to work, then without structured recess.  “Playworks is a pretty common-sense approach” says Nancy Barrand, the foundation’s senior adviser. “It's really about the school environment and how you create a healthy school environment for the children," she continued. "If children are healthy and happy, they learn better."

To learn more about Playworks visit www.playworks.org

A More Accurate Picture of Graduation Rates

A new federal requirement is forcing states to use a uniform method to report their graduation rates. The new method was part of an update in 2008 to federal education rules that now requires states to report graduation rates using what is referred to as the ‘cohort method’. The new ‘cohort method’  follows a group of first-time freshman, tracking individual students over a period of 4 years and calculating how many receive standard diplomas at the end of the 4 year period. This year marks the first time that we have true ‘graduation-rate accountability’ since the update was made in 2008. One problem, however, is that the new reporting method is putting  graduation rates, for some states, nearly 20% lower than in the past.

 

States are hesitant with the new data, given the new dramatically lower rates, even though the new ‘cohort-calculation’ is considered to be a more accurate way of tracking graduation rates.  Ryan Reyna, a program director at the National Governors Association’s Washington headquarters, points out that “Cohort rate and calculation has helped in development of early-warning data systems. Reyna also adds that states themselves, pushed for the new rate in hopes that with the precision of the new data would come better interventions and improved outcomes. States have been making an effort to clarify to stakeholders, community members and the press, that the new lower rates are not a result of the state doing worse, but that we now have an accurate picture of what is really happening in terms of individual students and corresponding graduation rates.

 While this new data is eye-opening, researchers warn that the new calculation method still needs improvement. States still have yet to agree on a completely uniform way of dictating who is a ‘drop-out’ and who is not. For example, in Kansas, students who leave school and transfer into particular home-schooling programs are recorded as ‘drop-outs’, whereas in a state such as Indiana, they are not.  Nuances such as these, still have yet to be addressed, making it difficult to accurately compare graduation rates from state to state.

The good news, so far, is that we can now prove that drop-out rates are going down. It turns out that many students are, in fact, not dropping out, but are pursuing some kind of alternative education program.  Researchers and education communities agree that there is still quite a bit of ‘fine-tuning’ that needs to be done to ensure that this data is collected and recorded accurately. Improving graduation rates will continue to be a challenge, no doubt, but with more accurate data and accountability controls, we are slowly but surely taking steps in the right direction.

Inconsistencies in Bullying Data

Bullying, according to state law, is any electronic, written, verbal or physical act directed at another student that is “severe, persistent or pervasive” and interferes with a students’ education, creates a threatening environment or is substantially disruptive to the school setting.  A great deal of attention has been paid to bullying in recent years and it seems as though almost every school district has some kind of ‘anti-bullying’ campaign or policy in place. In PA the state releases a “Safe Schools” report each year which lists the number of documented incidents of bullying (and other disciplinary infractions) within each school district. But what does this data really tell us? ....and is it accurate?

Angie Mason, an Education Reporter for the York Daily Record points out that inconsistencies in reporting ‘bullying incidents’ make it very difficult to know just how much bullying is actually going on within schools.  Mason points out that since there is no exact protocol for ‘reporting’ an incident between two students, schools will often handle these situations differently. Some schools may choose to issue ‘warnings’ or refer students to guidance counselors first, while other schools will immediately issue ‘discipline referrals’ to students who are accused of bullying. If a discipline referral is not issued, a report of the bullying incident is never made, thus the inconsistency in the reported data.

Many school districts in York County have reported ‘zero bullying incidents’ at least once in the past five years. Though we know, and school district officials admit, just because these incidents are not reported, does not mean they are not happening.  Unfortunately, the state looks at the data that is reported each year to determine where assistance and training opportunities should be made available throughout the state. If we do not report incidents when they are occurring, teachers, parents and students could be missing out on some valuable ‘anti-bullying’ programs and resources.

  

One such program that several schools in York County have adopted recently is the Olweus Bullying Prevention program. The program includes regular classroom meetings where discussions happen about topics such as gossiping, ‘snitching’ and the internet or ‘cyber bullying’. Students and teachers alike both agree that the program is an excellent way for kids to talk about problems within the school and make connections with their peers. In addition to regular classroom meetings and chat sessions, schools also welcome guest speakers. John Halligan, whose son committed suicide in 2003 after enduring relentless bullying, was asked to speak to students at Dover Intermediate School.  Though we may never know of each and every incident of bullying that happens in our schools, I cannot think of ANY student that wouldn’t benefit from a program like this.

Read more on this topic in an article by the York Daily Record's Angie Mason.
York Daily Record- Bullying Inconsistencies

3rd Grade Reading Levels, Poverty and Graduation Rates

In a study from 2011, researchers found that students who are not reading proficiently by the critical 3^rd grade milestone are 4 times less likely to graduate than students who are better readers. According to this study, if a child is not proficient in reading AND is “poor”, that child is 13 times less likely to graduate than their more affluent and proficient peers.  For the purposes of this study, ”poor”  is defined  by tracts of the U.S. Census  where more than 30 percent of households have incomes below the federal poverty threshold, or $22,314 a year for a family of four in 2010.

 As if that’s not bad enough, as an expansion to this study, researchers have now added a 3^rd component to the equation.  If a child is not a proficient reader by the 3^rd grade, is economically disadvantaged AND comes from a ”poor” neighborhood, they are 17 times less likely to graduate then their peers without these disadvantages.

It may seem obvious, but if we take a closer look we can see why living in a high poverty neighborhood plays such a large role in determining student’s success. We know that children who come from these neighborhoods often lack access to good health care, move frequently in and out of substandard housing units and go without proper nutrition and sleep. In addition to these factors, they must contend with street crime, limited public transportation and substandard schools.

Researchers are in agreement:  if we want kids to break the cycle of poverty and graduate from high school, we MUST be sure that they are reading on grade level by the 3^rd grade.  More than 160 cities are working with the ‘Campaign for Grade –Level  Reading’  with plans to address the problems of poverty and to increase the number of children who are reading on grade level.  As part of the ‘All-America City Grade-Level Reading Network’ cities are creating plans of action that will tackle the 3 most critical problems that keep kids from reading on grade level; school attendance, school readiness and summer learning.

"Neighborhoods matter," said Donald J. Hernandez, a Hunter College sociology professor who conducted the research. "We need to think about effective policies that reduce poverty and increase reading skills for all children, including strategies that align early education with grades K-3rd and workforce development for parents that lead to secure jobs with middle-class incomes for families. Such policies would not only help individual children and families, but also reduce neighborhood poverty rates and, hence, the toxic effects of concentrated poverty."

For more information on the about this research please visit The Annie E. Casey Foundation at www.aecf.org. For more information about the Campaign for Grade-Level Reading and the All-America City Grade-Level Reading Network please visit www.gradelevelreading.net

The Importance of Early Warning Signs

There are some very sobering education statistics out in recent years that simply cannot be ignored.  For example, did you know a sixth-grader who is failing Math has only a 1 in 5 chance of graduating high school? Robert Balfanz, a Johns Hopkins University researcher has created system of evaluating such data and determining the outcome for the youth involved.  Balfanz is just one of many researchers that have painstakingly studied the data surrounding struggling youth in this country.

Through researchers like Balfanz, we now know that a middle-school aged student who is failing English has only a 1 in 8 chance of graduating high school. We know that as that same student progresses, he will begin to ‘tune out’ school, develop discipline problems and become truant.  We also know that a truant high school student with already present academic and disciplinary issues, has only a 1 in 10 chance of graduating. So how do we stop this and where do we start?

The short answer? Early Intervention.  Identifying struggling students and intervening as quickly as possible is such a big part of this equation. Through intensive educational research we are able to now identify potential drop-outs way before high school and often times, well before middle school.  Additionally, we can offer services to these students to help combat the core reasons WHY they are failing, truant or both.

York County has incorporated the following list of early warning indicators as part of it’s Attendance Protocol:

-School districts will designate an individual responsible for recording the following Early Warning Indicators in third, sixth and ninth grades:

• Number of students in each respective grade with four or more unlawful absences
• Number of students in each respective grade with three or more office referrals
• Number of students in each respective grade with a 65% or lower in English
• Number of students in each respective grade with a 65% or lower in math

(Any student who has just one of these indicators is at risk of dropping out)

Find more information on the importance of early warning signs, educational research and reform at DROPOUT NATION a blog written by RiShawn Biddle, a former editorialist for the Indianapolis Star.

Creating Social Change? YorIT!

It’s time again for 2012 YorIT Social Venture Challenge.  Never heard of YorIT? Spread the word! YorIT, an initiative of the York County Community Foundation,  is a group of community members  who wish to challenge the residents of York County to get out there an make a difference through social action and philanthropy.  YorIT challenges community  members to think creatively and come up with unique ideas and solutions  that will encourage residents  of York County to BE the difference they wish to see in their community.
This year’s Social Venture Challenge calls on community members to come up with a creative media presentation about a program, initiative or service that they offer that will ‘create innovative solutions that contribute to social good that will be self-sustaining; thereby shaping a vital York County’. The winner of the Social Venture Challenge will receive up to $20k in funding for their initiative. Please watch YCTPI’s entry for the 2012 Social Venture Challenge on Youtube by clicking HERE. If you approve of our message, please ‘Like’ us (located directly under the viewing screen) and feel free to post and share our video on Facebook and Twitter. What a difference $20k in funding could make for our initiave!

The True Cost of a High School Dropout

Did you know only 21 states require students to attend high school until they graduate or turn 18? In his latest State of the Union address President Obama said that making school attendance compulsory in ALL states is a step in the right direction, but may not be enough keep kids in school and off the streets. According to Henry M. Levin and Cecilia E. Rouse, authors of this week's Op-Ed piece in the New York Times, the key to keeping students in school is to engage them at a very early age.

Levin and Rouse argue there is rigorous evidence that proves we need shift our focus from older children and start with the youngest students when they enter preschool. Studies show that 3 and 4-year-olds who are part of a meaningful small group setting, one where children are being taught and fed together by the same caregivers/teachers each day, have a much greater chance of graduating high school down the road. Part of this model includes regular home visits by teachers, group meetings with parents, smaller class sizes in early grades and increasing salaries for K-12 teachers.

While some might argue that these types of early childhood programs are far too expensive to implement, Levin and Rouse claim that the cost of NOT implementing these programs will far exceed them. Studies show that high school graduates will seek higher employment and earn 50-100% income in their lifetimes than their drop-out counter parts. High school graduates are also less likely to draw on public money for health care and welfare, and they are more likely to contribute to tax revenues in general rather than being a tax burden. The authors have calculated a return of $1.45-$3.55 for every dollar that is invested in implementing meaningful early childhood education programs. That's over a $127,000 net benefit to taxpayers over the lifetime of a graduate. The overall benefit to taxpayers is said to be nearly $90 Billion dollars per year and over $1 Trillion dollars over 11 years.

Levin and Rouse call on Liberals and Conservatives to leave behind the ethical debates on how to best educate young people and instead rally together to create meaningful early intervention programs that will raise long term economic growth to the tax payer as much as 3 times the cost of the programs themselves.

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/26/opinion/the-true-cost-of-high-school-dropouts.html

Straight from their Own Mouths

Here's what some of York County's youth had to say about the challenges and solutions to attendig school.

Their  biggest challenges to coming to school were:

- No baby sitter (or unreliable child care)

- Illness of self or child

- Family issues/drama

- Just plain tired

The solutions they came up with were:

- Better access to quality daycare

- Go to sleep earlier to help with exhaustion and better health

- Better access to medical and mental health services

- They recognized they needed to stay motivated to attend

The rewards they came up with if they obtain their short and long term goals:

-personal satisfaction with graduation

- personal satisfaction by staying focused

- better stipends

- use of cell phones during lunch (this was a huge hit!)

- choosing better lunch options (they are not happy with the food)

The Fortitude Crew

Following our second group mentor/mixer activity of a Pancake and Bacon Breakfast held Thursday, December 15th in partnership with the CA Active Living Senior Center, I sat back and just thought, "I am truly fortunate."  It is an exciting and yet overwhelming privilege working with the Crispus Attucks YouthBuild High School students. They are a phenomenal group of young adults ranging in age from 16 to 21 years old. Not a day goes by that I am not belly laughing over some dished out, razor-witted banter. Or awed by the tender parenting displayed for one of their own, young children. Sad to say though, those amusing and touching moments are often balanced by the heartbreaking experiences our young people live day in and day out.

But if you look up "resiliency" in the dictionary, you would find pictures of most of our students. They truly define "bouncing back". One of the keys to sustaining their "bounce" is to partner them with a caring adult, a mentor, who is able to help them navigate their high school experience along with the transition into post-secondary training or the job market. The time commitment we are asking is 4 hours a month for approximately 15 months.

We have 45 students (and counting!) who agree with that statement and have signed up to participate in our mentoring program called, Fortitude Crew. Anxious and responsible does not begin to describe how we feel about recruiting capable mentors to fulfill their expectations. As we reach out into our York City community for adults who are energized but understandably patient, we are hoping you will want to join us in this journey. Please, contact Dawn Squire at Crispus Attucks YouthBuild for more information about being a mentor. phone: 848-3610 ext 243 or email: dsquire@crispusattucks.org